Bava Batra 237

לעולם בתי אבות קא חשיב והא קא משמע לן דבנות צלפחד נטלו חלק בכורה אלמא א"י מוחזקת היא

Fathers' houses are, in fact, enumerated. but<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By enumerating also the daughters of Zelophehad. ');">¹</span> [Scripture] had taught us that the daughters of Zelophehad had [also] taken the portion of the birthright. Consequently,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since they were given the double portion of the first-born. ');">²</span>

אמר מר והבנים נטלו בזכות אבי אביהם ובזכות אבי אמותיהן והתניא בזכות עצמן לא קשיא הא כמאן דאמר ליוצאי מצרים הא כמאן דאמר לבאי הארץ

the land of Israel was [regarded even before the conquest, as if it had already been] in the possession of Israel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A firstborn son takes a double portion of that only which is in his father's actual possession at the time of his death, not from that to which he may become entitled after his death. ');">³</span> The Master stated: 'Their sons received [shares] by virtue of the rights of the fathers of their fathers and the rights of the fathers of their mothers'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 117b. ');">⁴</span>

ואיבעית אימא הא והא לבאי הארץ ולא קשיא הא דהוה בן עשרים הא דלא הוה בן עשרים:

Was it not taught [elsewhere], 'by virtue of their own rights'? — [This is] no difficulty. That<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Baraitha stating, 'by virtue of their grandparents'. ');">⁵</span> is in agreement with him who said [that the division was] in accordance with [the number of] those who came out of Egypt; this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The other Baraitha stating 'by virtue of their own rights.' ');">⁶</span>

ושהיה בכור נוטל שני חלקים: ואמאי ראוי הוא ואין הבכור נוטל בראוי כבמוחזק אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל ביתדות אהלים

is in agreement with him who said [that the division was] in accordance with [the number of] those who entered the land. If you like you may say: Both statements<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'this and that'. ');">⁷</span> [are in agreement with the view that the division was] in accordance with [the number of] those who entered the land and [yet] there is no difficulty. The one<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The other Baraitha stating 'by virtue of their own rights.' ');">⁶</span>

מתיב רבה רבי יהודה אומר בנות צלפחד נטלו ד' חלקים שנאמר (יהושע יז, ה) ויפלו חבלי מנשה עשרה אלא אמר רבה ארץ ישראל מוחזקת היא

[deals with the case of him] who was twenty years of age;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When Israel entered Canaan. ');">⁸</span> the other,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Baraitha stating, 'by virtue of their grandparents'. ');">⁵</span>

מיתיבי אמר רבי חידקא שמעון השקמוני היה לי חבר מתלמידי רבי עקיבא וכך היה רבי שמעון השקמוני אומר יודע היה משה רבינו שבנות צלפחד יורשות הן אבל לא היה יודע אם נוטלות חלק בכורה אם לאו

with the case of him who was not [yet] twenty years of age. SINCE HE WAS A FIRSTBORN SON [WHO] TAKES TWO SHARES. But why?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why should he he entitled to two shares? ');">⁹</span>

וראויה היתה פרשת נחלות ליכתב על ידי משה אלא שזכו בנות צלפחד ונכתבה על ידן

[Surely the estates of Hepher] were [only] prospective,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When he died the estates were only due to become his, but could not pass into his possession before Canaan was actually entered. ');">¹⁰</span> and a firstborn son is not [entitled] to take [a double share] in the prospective [property of his father] as in that which is in [his father's] possession [at the time of death]! — Rab Judah said in the name of Samuel: [The double share was] in tent pins.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., in their grandfather's movable property, which, like the tent pins, was in his possession before he entered Canaan and while still in the wilderness. Of his landed property, how-ever, the daughters of Zelophehad did not take a double share, Our Mishnah which mentions three shares refers to the landed as well as the movable property. ');">¹¹</span>

ויודע היה משה רבינו שהמקושש במיתה שנאמר (שמות לא, יד) מחלליה מות יומת אבל לא היה יודע באי זו מיתה הוא ימות וראויה היתה פרשת מקושש שתכתב ע"י משה אלא שנתחייב מקושש ונכתבה על ידו ללמדך

Rabbah raised an objection: [It has been taught that] R. Judah said, 'the daughters of Zelophehad took four portions, for it is said, and there fell ten parts to Manasseh!'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Josh. XVII, 5. V. supra 118b. These portions, according to the Scriptural context, were not in movable, but in landed property! How, then, could it be said that the double share was in movables only? ');">¹²</span> — But, said Rabbah, the land of Israel [was regarded even before the conquest as] in [actual] possession [of those who came out of Egypt].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the right of the firstborn to take a double share. ');">¹³</span> An objection was raised: R. Hidka said: 'Simeon of Shikmona was my companion among the disciples of R. Akiba. And thus did R. Simeon of Shikmona say: Moses our Master knew that the daughters of Zelophehad were to he heiresses, but he did not know whether or not they were to take the portion of the birthright — And it was fitting that the [Scriptural] section of the laws of succession should have been written through Moses, but the daughters of Zelophehad merited it. and it was written through them.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., at their instance, ');">¹⁴</span> Moses, furthermore, knew that the man who gathered sticks [on the Sabbath day]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XV, 32ff. ');">¹⁵</span> was to he put to death, for it is said, Everyone that profaneth it shall surely be put to death,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXXI, 14. ');">¹⁶</span> but he did not know by which [kind of] death he was to die. And it was fitting that the section of the man who gathered sticks should have been written through Moses, only the gatherer had brought guilt upon himself and it was written through him. This teaches you